![]() |
No dimensional drawings!
Unit:
|
4 化学成分
本部分生产的紧定螺钉和类似的紧固件适用的不锈钢化学成分,在表2中给出。
注:表2给出的化学成分与GB/T 3098.6-2014表1相应组别的化学成分是一致的。
除非之前,购买者与制造者另有协议,否则在规定的钢的组别范围内的化学成分由制造者最终选择。
在有晶间腐蚀倾向的场合,推荐按GB/T 4334的规定进行试验。在此情况下,推荐采用稳定型的A3和A5或者采用含碳量不超过0.03%的A2和A4组不锈钢。
表2 不锈钢组别化学成分
类别 | 组别 | 化学成分a(质量分数)/ % | 注 | ||||||||
C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni | Cu |
| ||
奥氏体 | A1 | 0.12 | 1 | 6.5 | 0.2 | 0.15~0.35 | 16~19 | 0.7 | 5~10 | 1.75~2.25 | b,c,d |
A2 | 0.10 | 1 | 2 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 15~20 | —e | 8~19 | 4 | f,g | |
A3 | 0.08 | 1 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 17~19 | —e | 9~12 | 1 | h | |
A4 | 0.08 | 1 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 16~18.5 | 2~3 | 10~15 | 4 | g,i | |
A5 | 0.08 | 1 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 16~18.5 | 2~3 | 10.5~14 | 1 | h,i | |
注1: 不锈钢的类别和组别,及涉及其特性和应用的说明,在附录A中给出。 注2: 按ISO 683-13和ISO 4954已标准化的不锈钢材料示例,在附录B和附录C中分别给出。 | |||||||||||
a 除已表明者外,均系最大值。 b 硫可用硒代。 c 如镍含量低于8%,则锰最小含量应为5%。 d 镍含量大于8 %时,对铜的最小含量不予限制。 e 由制造者决定可以有钼含量,但对某些使用场合,如有必要限定钼的极限含量时,则应在订单中由用户注明。 f 如果铬含量低于17%,则镍的最小含量应为12%。 g 对最大碳含量达到0.03%的不锈钢,氮含量最高可以达到0.22%。 h 为稳定组织,钛含量应 ≥(5×C%)~0.8%,并应按本表适当标志,或者铌和/或钼含量应 ≥(10×C%)~1.0%,并应按本表规定适当标志。 i 对较大直径的产品,为达到规定的机械性能,由制造者决定可以用较高的含碳量,但不得超过0.12%。 |
5 机械性能
5.1 通则
按本部分生产的紧定螺钉和类似的紧固件的机械性能,应符合表3和表4给出的数值。
按5.2和5.3规定的机械性能适用于验收检查,并应按6.1或6.2的试验方法进行检查。
5.2 内六角紧定螺钉的保证扭矩
内六角紧定螺钉应符合表3给出的保证扭矩要求。
表3 保证扭矩要求
螺纹公称 直径d | 试验的紧定螺钉的最小长度a/mm | 硬度等级 | ||||
12H | 21H | |||||
平端 | 锥端 | 圆柱端 | 凹端 | 保证扭矩/(N·m)/min | ||
1.6 | 2.5 | 3 | 3 | 2.5 | 0.03 | 0.05 |
2 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 0.06 | 0.1 |
2.5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 0.18 | 0.3 |
3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 0.25 | 0.42 |
4 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 6 | 0.8 | 1.4 |
5 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 1.7 | 2.8 |
6 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 5 |
8 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 12 |
10 | 12 | 12 | 16 | 12 | 14 | 24 |
12 | 16 | 16 | 20 | 16 | 25 | 42 |
16 | 20 | 20 | 25 | 20 | 63 | 105 |
20 | 25 | 25 | 30 | 25 | 126 | 210 |
24 | 30 | 30 | 35 | 30 | 200 | 332 |
a 试验的最小长度应在产品标准中点划线以下的长度,即至少应当有一个标准的内六角深度的长度。 |
5.3 硬度
紧定螺钉应符合表4给出的硬度要求。
表4 硬度
硬度 | 硬度等级 | |
12H | 21H | |
硬度 | ||
维氏硬度/HV | 125~209 | ≥210 |
布氏硬度/HB | 123~213 | ≥214 |
洛氏硬度/HRB | 70~95 | ≥96 |
6.2 紧定螺钉硬度试验
硬度试验,应按GB/T 231.1(HB)、GB/T 230.1(HRB)或GB/T 4340.1(HV)进行。如有争议,应以维氏硬度为验收依据(见表4)。
试验程序与GB/T 3098.3的相同。
附录 B
(资料性附录)
不锈钢成分技术条件
[摘自ISO683-13:1986]
表B.1奥氏体不锈钢成分技术条件
钢的 | 化学成分b(质量分数)/% | 钢的 | ||||||||||||
C | Si max | Mn max | P max | S | N | Cr | Mo | Nb | Nic | Se | Ti | Cu | ||
奥氏体钢 | ||||||||||||||
10 | 0.030max | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 max | — | 17.0~19.0 | — | — | 9.0~12.0 | — | — | — | A2e |
11 | 0.07 max | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 max | — | 17.0~19.0 | — | — | 8.0~11.0 | — | — | — | A2 |
15 | 0.08 max | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 max | — | 17.0~19.0 | — | — | 9.0~12.0 | — | 5×%C≤0.08 | — | A3f |
16 | 0.08 max | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 max | — | 17.0~19.0 | — | 10×%C≤1.0 | 9.0~12.0 | — | — | — | A3f |
17 | 0.12 max | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.060 | 0.15~0.35 | — | 17.0~19.0 | —g | — | 8.0~10.0h | — | — | — | A1 |
13 | 0.10 max | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 max | — | 17.0~19.0 | — | — | 11.0~13.0 | — | — | — | A2 |
19 | 0.030 max | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 max | — | 16.5~18.5 | 2.0~2.5 | — | 11.0~14.0 | — | — | — | A4 |
20 | 0.07 max | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 max | — | 16.5~18.5 | 2.0~2.5 | — | 10.5~13.5 | — | — | — | A4 |
21 | 0.08 max | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 max | — | 16.5~18.5 | 2.0~2.5 | — | 11.0~14.0 | — | 5×%C≤0.80 | — | A5f |
23 | 0.08 max | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 max | — | 16.5~18.5 | 2.0~2.5 | 10×%C≤1.0 | 11.0~14.0 | — | — | — | A5f |
19a | 0.030 max | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 max | — | 16.5~18.5 | 2.5~3.0 | — | 11.5~14.5 | — | — | — | A4 |
20a | 0.007 max | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 max | — | 16.5~18.5 | 2.5~3.0 | — | 11.0~14.0 | — | — | — | A4 |
10N | 0.030 max | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 max | 0.12~0.22 | 17.0~19.0 | — | — | 8.5~11.5 | — | — | — | A2 |
19N | 0.030 max | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 max | 0.12~0.22 | 16.5~18.5 | 2.0~2.5 | — | 10.5~13.5 | — | — | — | A4e |
19aN | 0.030 max | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 max | 0.12~0.22 | 16.5~18.5 | 2.5~3.0 | — | 11.5~14.5 | — | — | — | A4e |
a 类型编号暂定的,当制定有关的国际标准时,还会改变。 b 本表未列出的元素,未经用户同意,不能增加,除非要精炼。应采取合理的预防措施,以防止某此元索(来自制造过程中混入的废料或其他金属)的增加,因为这些元素会影响材料的淬透性、机械性能和使用性能。 c 钽含量取决于铌含量。 d 不是ISO 683-13的内容。 e 有极好的耐晶间腐蚀性。 f 稳定型钢。 g 制造者可选择添加最大到0.70%的钼。 h 对制造无逢钢管的半成品,镍含量可能增加0.5%。 |
附录 C
(资料性附录)
冷镦和冷挤压用奥氏体不锈钢
(摘自ISO4951:1993)
表C.1冷镦和冷挤压用奥氏体不锈钢
钢的类型标记a | 化学成分b(质量分数)/% | 钢的 | ||||||||||
序号 | 名称 | ISO 4954:1979 | C | Si max | Mn max | P max | S max | Cr | Mo | Ni | 其他 | |
奥氏体钢 | ||||||||||||
78 | X 2 CrNi 18 10 E | D20 | ≤0.030 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 17.0~19.0 | — | 9.0~12.0 | — | A2d |
79 | X 5 CrNi 18 9 E | D21 | ≤0.07 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 17.0~19.0 | — | 8.0~11.0 | — | A2 |
80 | X 10 CrNi 18 9 E | D22 | ≤0.12 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 17.0~19.0 | — | 8.0~10.0 | — | A2 |
81 | X 5 CrNi 18 12 E | D23 | ≤0.07 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 17.0~19.0 | — | 11.0~13.0 | — | A2 |
82 | X 6 CrNi 18 16 E | D25 | ≤0.08 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 15.0~17.0 | 2.0~2.5 | 17.0~19.0 | — | A2 |
83 | X 6 CrNiTi 18 10 E | D26 | ≤0.030 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 17.0~19.0 | 2.0~2.5 | 9.0~12.0 | Ti:5×%C≤0.80 | A3e |
84 | X 5 CrNiMo 17 12 2 E | D29 | ≤0.037 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 16.5~18.5 | 2.5~3.0 | 10.5~13.5 | — | A4 |
85 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 17 12 2 E | D30 | ≤0.08 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 16.5~18.5 | 2.5~3.0 | 11.0~14.0 | Ti:5×%C≤0.80 | A5e |
86 | X 2 CrNiMo 17 13 3 E | — | ≤0.030 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 16.5~18.5 | — | 11.5~14.5 | — | A4d |
87 | X 2 CrNiMoN 17 13 3 E | — | ≤0.030 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 16.5~18.5 | — | 11.5~14.5 | N:0.12×%C≤0.22 | A4d |
88 | X 3 CrNiCu 18 9 3 E | D32 | ≤0.04 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 17.0~19.0 | — | 8.5~10.5 | Cu:3.00~4.00 | A2 |
a 第1列的标记是顺序编号。第2列的标记是根据ISO/TC 17/SC 2建议的标记制度。第3列的标记是在ISO 4954:1979(1993修订)中使用并已作废的编号。 b 本表未列出的元素,未经用户同意,不能增加,除非要精炼。应采取合理的预防措施,以防止某此元素(来自制造过程中混入的废料或其他金属)的增加,因为这些元素会影响材料的淬透性、机械性能和使用性能。 c 不是ISO 4954的内容。 d 有极好的耐晶间腐蚀性。 e 稳定塑钢。 |
附录 E
(资料性附录)
奥氏体不锈钢的相对导磁率
有特定/殊磁性要求的场合,应向有经验的金属学专家咨询。
所有奥氏体不锈钢紧固件在固熔状态下,通常是无磁的;经冷变形加工后,有些会呈现明显的磁性。
各种材料被磁化能力的特性,也适用于不锈钢。只有在真空状态下才有可能完全无磁,磁场中材料的相对导磁率的测量是相对于材料在真空中的相对导磁率μt而言。如果μt接近1,则该材料具有低的相对导磁率。
示例1:A2 :μt≈1.8
示例2:A4 :μt≈1.015
示例3:A4L:μt≈1.005
示例4:F1 :μt≈5
Mechanical properties of fasteners - Stainless steel Bolts, screws and studs
Mechanical properties of fasteners-Stainless steel and nickel alloys bolts, screws, studs and nuts for high temperature applications
Mechanical properties of fasteners-Guidance for the selection of stainless steels and nickel alloys for fasteners
Mechanical Properties of Fasteners - Prevailing Torque Type Steel Nuts
Mechanical properties of fasteners-Set screws
Mechanical properties of fasteners-nuts with coarse thread
High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading - Part2: Suitability for preloading
Mechanical properties of fasteners - Stainless steel nuts
Mechanical properties of fasteners - Stainless steel Bolts, screws and studs
Mechanical properties of fasteners-Bolts、screws and studs
Mechanical properties of fasteners Parts for bolted connections for use at temperatures from -200 ℃~+700 ℃
Mechanical properties of fasteners made of the fine grain non-heat treatment steel-Bolts,screws and studs
Spring washer technical conditions
Mechanical properties of fasteners-Blind rivets
Mechanical properties of fasteners. Wing nuts with specified proof torque
Mechanical properties of fasteners-Drilling screws with tapping screws thread
Mechanical properties of fasteners. Prevailing torque type steel hexagon nuts
Mechanical properties of fasteners-Nuts-Fine pitch thread
Mechanical propretles of fasteners tapping screws
Mechanical properties of fasteners-Bolts、screws and studs made of stainless-steel
Machanical properties of fasteners-Thread rolling screws
Mechanical properties of fasteners Bolts,scrows,studs and nuts made of non-ferrous metals
Specification for revit
Mechanical Properties of Fasteners 一 Tapping Screws
Fasteners - Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless steel fasteners - Part 7: Flat washers with specified grades and property classes
Heat treated tapping screws - Mechanical and physical properties
Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel — Part 2: Nuts with specified property classes
Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless steel fasteners - Nuts with specified grades and property classes bsi.
Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel – Part 3: Flat washers with specified property classes
Mechanical Properties of Fasteners - Prevailing Torque Type Steel Nuts
Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel. Part 1:Bolts,screws and studs with specified property classes. Coarse thread
Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel - Part 2: Nuts with specifed property classes - Coarse thread and fne pitch thread
Mechanical properties—Set screw and similar threaded fasteners with specified hardness classes
Heat-treated steel tapping screws - Mechanical properties
Mechanical properties of corrosion resistant stainless steel fasteners—Part 1:Nuts
Mechanical properties of corrosion resistant stainless steel fasteners— Part 3:Set screws and similar fasteners not under tensile stress
Mechanical properties of corrosion resistant stainless steel fasteners— Part 4:Tapping screws
Drilling screws with tapping screw thread— Mechanical and functional properties
Mechanical and performance requirements of case hardened and tempered metric thread rolling screws
Mechanical properties of fasteners - Part 6: Nuts with specified proof load values - Fine pitch thread
Torsional test and minimum torques for bolts and screws
Mechanical properties of fasteners—Bolts,screws,studs and nuts made of non-ferrous metals
Heat-treated steel tapping screws - Mechanical properties
Test methods of tightening torque for bolts
Maximum Drive Torque for Type TRS Tapping Screws
Torsional Strength Requirements for Tapping Screws
Nylon Insert Locknuts (Inch Series)
Aerospace series - Bolts, MJ threads, in heat resisting steel FE-PA2601 (A286) - Classification: 900 MPa (at ambient temperature)/650℃ - Technical specification
Non-preloaded structural bolting assemblies - Part 1: General requirements
High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading - Part 2: Suitability for preloading
Mechanical properties of fasteners - Part 7: Torsional test and minimum torques for bolts and screws with nominal diameters 1 mm to 10 mm
Mechanical properties of fasteners - Part 2: Nuts with specified proof load values - Coarse thread
Mechanical properties of fasteners - Part 6: Nuts with specified proof load values - Fine pitch thread
Mechanical properties of fasteners - Part 1: Bolts, screws and studs
Mechanical Properties of Fasteners - Bolts, Screws, Studs and Nuts
Suppliers(1)
Carbon Steel Bolts, Studs, and Threaded Rod 6000 PSI Tensile Strength
Carbon steels、alloy steels and stainless materials for bolts and nuts
Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel Part 2: Nuts with specified property classes - Coarse thread and fine pitch thread
Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel. Part 1:Bolts,screws and studs
Self-drilling screws for the building and construction industries Part 1: General requirements and mechanical properties
Thread Rolling Screws
Maximum Drive Torque for Type TRS Tapping Screws
Torsional Strength Requirements for Tapping Screws