螺母的结构尺寸与公差按相应标准图样的规定,一般公差按 GB/T 1804-2000 中m级的规定。
螺母螺纹的基本尺寸按 GB/T 196 的规定,螺纹的公差按 GB/T 197 的规定,粗牙为 5H,细牙为 6H 。
螺纹孔两端应进行倒角,倒角角度约等于120°,倒角直径约等于螺纹大径,见图1。
金属丝孔的尺寸按相应标准图样规定,孔的型式按 QJ 834-1988 的规定。
4.1. 螺母支承面的平面度公差为 0.05mm ,不允许中问部分的材料向外凸起。
4.2. 螺母支承面对螺纹轴线的垂直度按 图2 和 表2 的规定。
表2 螺母支承面的垂直度 (单位:毫米)
对边宽度S | ≤ 5 | >5~14 | >14~20 | >20~23 | >23 |
垂直度 t | 0.08 | 0.10 | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.18 |
4.3 螺母的对称度按图3 和表3 规定。
表3 螺母的对称度
螺纹规格 | M2~M3 | M4~M6 | M8 | M10 | M12×1.5 M14×1.5 | M16×1.5 M18×1.5 | M20×1.5~M24×1.5 |
对边对称度 t1 | 0.25 | 0.3 | 0.36 | 0.43 | 0.52 | ||
开槽对称度 t2 | / | 0.2 | 0.25 | 0.3 |
螺母的表面处理种类按相应标准图样的规定。表面处理的厚度和技术条件按 表4 的规定。允许螺纹表面、金属丝孔表面和开槽螺母的槽内表面的镀层厚度小于 表4 的规定值。
表4 螺母的表面处理
材料 | 种类 | 镀(涂)层厚度 | 技术条件 | |
碳钢 | 钢45 | 镀锌钝化 | 螺距 P ≤ 0.8 mm:4 μm ~ 7 μm 螺距 P > 0.8 mm:7 μm ~ 12 μm | QJ452 |
合金钢 | 30CrMnSiA | |||
高温合金 | GH2132 | 镀银 | QJ458 | |
钝化 | / | QJ467 | ||
不锈钢 | 1Cr17Ni2 0Cr18Ni9 | 钝化 | / | |
钛合金 | TB3 | 硼化加 MoS2 润滑处理 | 3 μm ~ 8 μm | 相关工艺文件 |
银镀层经结合力试验后,不应出现起皮或剥落现象。
螺母的外观质量应符合下列要求:
a )螺母的表面粗糙度应符合相应标准图样的规定。螺纹的表面粗糙度Ra 的上限值为3.2μm;
b )螺母表面不允许有裂纹:
c )螺母的侧面允许有深度不超过表5 规定的条痕或发纹等不连续性缺陷,允许的表面不连续性缺陷的型式见附录A;
d )螺母表面应光洁,无毛刺。
表5 螺母的表面不连续性缺陷
螺纹规格 | M2~M3 | M4, M5 | M6 | M8, 10 | M12×1.5 | M14×1.5 | M16×1.5~M22×1.5 | M24×1.5 |
表面缺陷的最大深度 | 0.10 | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.20 | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.30 |
对由合金钢制造的螺母应在螺母侧面制材料标志,见图4 。标志应制成凹陷形,尺寸按表6 。
表6 材料标志的尺寸
螺纹规格 | M5~M8 | M10,M12×1.5~M20×1.5 | M22×1.5, M24×1.5 |
l (参考) | 1.8~2.3 | 2~3 | 3~5 |
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